Price discrimination is a pricing strategy in which a business charges different prices for the same product or service to different customers or groups of customers. The goal of price discrimination is to increase profits by charging the highest price that each customer is willing to pay, based on their willingness to pay, their perceived value of the product or service, or other factors.

There are several types of price discrimination, including:

1. First-degree price discrimination: This involves charging each customer the maximum price they are willing to pay for a product or service, based on their individual willingness to pay. This type of price discrimination is often difficult to implement, as it requires detailed information about each customer's preferences and willingness to pay.
   
   
2. Second-degree price discrimination: This involves charging different prices based on the quantity purchased or other characteristics of the sale, such as time of purchase or location. Examples include volume discounts, seasonal pricing, or location-based pricing.
   
   
3. Third-degree price discrimination: This involves charging different prices to different customer segments based on their perceived value of the product or service. For example, airlines often charge different prices for economy, business, and first-class tickets based on the different levels of service and amenities offered.
   

Price discrimination can be beneficial for businesses because it allows them to capture more value from customers who are willing to pay more for a product or service, while still attracting customers who are willing to pay less. However, it can also be controversial, as some customers may perceive it as unfair or discriminatory. As a result, businesses must carefully consider the potential benefits and risks of price discrimination before implementing it as a pricing strategy.